Treatment Guidelines

Table of Contents

1. Syndromic Approach

1.1: Pain

1.2: Fever

1.3: Cough

1.4: Convulsions

1.5: Shock

1.6: Dehydration

2. Anesthesia

2.1: General Anesthesia

2.2: Local Anesthesia

2.3: Sedation

2.4: Surgery in Diabetic Patients

3. Hematological Disease Conditions

3.1: Anemias due to Red Cell Disorders

3.2: Sickle Cell Disease

3.3: Blood Transfusion

3.4: G6PD Deficiency

3.5: Aplastic Anemia

3.6: Fanconi Anemia

3.7: Bleeding Disorder

3.8: Coagulation Disorders

4. Notifiable Diseases

4.1: Bacterial Infections

4.2: Viral Infections

5. Malaria Disease Conditions

5.1: Uncomplicated Malaria

5.2: Severe Malaria

5.3: Malaria in Pregnancy

5.4: Intermittent Preventive Treatment in Pregnancy

6. Human Immunodeficiency Virus HIV/AIDs

6.1 Treatment of HIV/AIDs in Adults and Adolescents

6.2 Changing Antiretroviral Therapy

6.3 Monitoring Patients on ART

6.4 Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (IRIS)

6.5 Antiretroviral Therapy in Children and Adolescents

6.6 Changing ARV Therapy in Children Under 15 Years

6.7 HIV Prevention

7. Tuberculosis and Leprosy

7.1 General Treatment of Tuberculosis

7.2 Drug Resistance Tuberculosis (DR-TB)

7.3 General Treatment of Leprosy

7.4 Treatment of Leprosy in Special Cases

8. Nervous System Disease Conditions

8.1 Infections of the Nervous System

9. Respiratory Disease Conditions

9.1 Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI)

9.2 Obstructive Lung Diseases

9.3 Bronchitis

9.4 Emphysema

9.5 Other Respiratory Infections

10. Gastrointestinal Disease Conditions

10.1 Infections of Gastrointestinal Tract

10.2 Disorders of Gastrointestinal Tract

10.3 Disorders of the Liver and Billiary Tract

11. Obstetrics, Gynecology and Contraception

11.1 Bleeding in Pregnancy

11.2 Ectopic Pregnancy

11.3 Antepartum Hemorrhage

11.4 Premature Rupture of Membranes (PROM)

11.5 Antenatal Care

11.6 Stimulation of Labour and Myometrial Relaxation

11.7 Postpartum Care

11.8 Contraception

12. Sexually Transmitted Infections

12.0 Introduction to Flow Charts

12.1 Urethral Discharge Syndrome (UDS)

12.2 Vaginal Discharge Syndrome (VDS)

12.3 Lower Abdominal Pain Syndrome | Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

12.4 Painful Scrotal Swelling (PSS)

12.5 Ano Rectal Syndrome (ARS)

12.6 Oropharyngeal STIs

12.7 Genital Ulcer Disease (GUD)

12.8 Neonatal Conjunctivitis (Ophthalmia Neonatorum)

12.9 Inguinal Bubo (IB)

12.10 Management of Other Common STI Conditions

13. Skin Diseases and Allergic Reactions

13.1 Bacterial Skin Infections

13.2 Fungal Skin Infections

13.3 Parasitic Infections

13.4 Viral Infections

13.5 Eczema (Dermatitis) Conditions

13.6 Anaphylaxis

13.7 Papulosquamous Disorder

13.8 Drug Reactions

13.9 Other Skin Diseases Conditions

14. Eye Diseases and Conditions

14.1 Major Blinding Diseases

14.2 Painful Red Eyes

14.3 Structural Abnormalities of the Eye

14.4 Ocular Oncology

14.5 Dry Eye

14.6 Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus

14.7 Endophthalmitis

14.8 Retinitis

14.9 Orbital Cellulitis

14.10 Visual Problems

14.11 Onchocerciasis (River Blindness)

15. Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases

15.1 Ear Conditions

15.2 Otitis Media (Acute or Chronic)

15.3 Hearing Loss

15.4 Nose/Paranasal Sinuses Conditions

15.5 Throat Conditions

15.6 ENT Malignancies

16. Oral and Dental Conditions

16.1 Periodontal Conditions

16.2 Dental Caries

16.3 Odontogenic and Non-Odontogenic Orofacial Infections

16.4 Fungal Infections

16.5 Viral Infections

16.6 Aphthous Ulceration

16.7 Post Extraction Bleeding

16.8 Tooth Sensitivities

16.9 Tooth Eruption, Shedding and Edentulousness

16.10 Malocclusions

16.11 Traumatic Dental Injuries

16.12 Tumours and Tumour-Like Conditions of Oral Cavity and Facial Region

17. Musculoskeletal Diseases

17.1 Infections

17.2 Inflammatory Conditions

17.3 Low Back Pain

18. Trauma and Injuries

18.1 General Management of Trauma

18.2 Traumatic Brain Injuries (TBI)

18.3 Injuries

19. Metabolic and Endocrine Disease Conditions

19.1 Diabetes Mellitus

19.2 Management of Diabetes during Religious Fasting

19.3 Hyperglycemia in Pregnancy

19.4 Diabetes and HIV

19.5 Diabetes and Tuberculosis

19.6 Hypoglycaemia

19.7 Acute Metabolic Complications

19.8 Thyroid Disorders

20. Cardiovascular Disease Conditions

20.1 Prevention of Atherosclerotic Ischemic Heart Disease and Stroke

20.2 Management of Dyslipidemias

20.3 Stable Coronary Artery Disease (SCAD) | Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD)

20.4 Acute Coronary Syndrome (Unstable Coronary Artery Disease)

20.5 Hypertension

20.6 Resistant (Refractory) Hypertension

20.7 Hypertensive Emergency

20.8 Heart Failure

20.9 Chronic Heart Failure

20.10 Pulmonary Oedema

20.11 Infective Endocarditis (IE)

20.12 Acute Rheumatic Fever

20.13 Pulmonary Embolism

20.14 Cardiac Arrhythmias / Dysrhythmias

20.15 Heart Block (Second and Third Degree)

20.16 Sinus Bradycardia and Sinus Arrest

21. Kidney and Urological Disorders

21.1 Chronic Kidney Diseases (CKD)

21.2 Acute Renal Failure (ARF)

21.3 Glomerular Diseases (GN)

21.4 Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)

21.5 Urology Disorders

21.6 Nocturnal Enuresis

21.7 Sexual Dysfunction

21.8 Urolithiasis

22. Malignant Disease Conditions

22.1 Gynecological Malignancies

22.2 Breast Cancer

22.3 Cancer of the Skin

22.4 Head and Neck Cancers

22.5 Gastrointestinal Malignancies

22.6 Lung Cancer

22.7 Carcinoma of the Prostate

22.8 Urinary Bladder Cancer

22.9 Lymphomas

22.10 Oncological Emergencies

23. Mental Health Condition

23.1 Aggressive Disruptive Behaviour

23.2 Delirium

23.3 Schizophrenia

23.4 Bipolar Mood Disorder

23.5 Major Depressive Disorder

23.6 Generalized Anxiety Disorder

23.7 Panic Disorder

23.8 Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

23.9 Acute Stress Disorder and Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

23.10 Withdrawal from Substance of Abuse

24. Nutritional Disorders

24.1 Anaemia

24.2 Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDDA)

24.3 Vitamin Deficiencies

24.4 Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM)

24.5 Not Growing well/Growth Faltering/Failure to Thrive

25. Poisoning

25.1 Common Poisons

25.2 General Principles of Management of Poisoning

25.3 Specific Poisons

25.4 Heavy Metal Poisoning

25.5 Prevention of Poisoning

25.6 Alcohol Intoxication

25.7 Bites and Stings

Tanzania: National Essential Medicines List (NEMLIT)

Tanzania: National Essential Medicines List (NEMLIT)