Fever is also known as pyrexia and is usually a symptom of an infection. It is characterized by an elevation of body temperature above the normal range of 36.5–37.5 C
Diagnostic Criteria:
- Depression
- Lethargy
- Anorexia
- Sleepiness
- Hyperalgesia
- Inability to concentrate
- Feeling cold
- Increased muscle tone
- Shivering
Note: Fever alone is not a diagnosis
Non-Pharmacological Treatment
- Advise patient for bed rest
- Ask patient to take plenty of fluids
Note: In children, temperature >400C need urgent lowering. However, lukewarm sponging and evaporative cooling are not recommended. Fevers caused by virus are usually self-limiting but all other fevers need treatments
Pharmacological Treatment Give antipyretic medicines:
A: Paracetamol (PO)
Adult: 1g 6 hourly when required
Children: 15mg/kg 6 hourly when required
OR
A: Paracetamol suppository, rectally 125mg–250mg, 6hourly
CAUTION‼
Aspirin is not recommended in children and young adult, under 16 years due to risk of Reye’s syndrome6
Referral:
Refer the patient to the next facility with adequate expertise and facilities.
- All fevers where no diagnosis is established
- If no improvement of fever after the use of antibiotics
- Fever that recurs